ʔ

ʔ believe

-ʔ 1

-ʔ 1, -aʔ compound connector in the following form

• n̓ʔəɬnaʔsqílxʷtn̓ Man-eater (PS)

-ʔ 2

-ʔ 2, -aʔ affix of uncertain meaning and function

• kəkw̓wápaʔ dogs (plural) / dogs, little dogs (PS)
  • ixíʔ stk̓ʷəƛ̓k̓ʷƛ̓ustn̓s uɬ t̓n̓t̓ínaʔs axáʔ iʔ kəkw̓wápaʔ. These dogs those are her eyes and her ears. (PS)
  • kʷuʔ čwahəntím̓ iʔ t kəkəwʔápaʔ The dogs are going to bark at us (PS)
• n̓c̓əlíxʷkʷaʔ Woman’s name (Cv)
• skɬʔaʔ Saturday / Saturday (end of the week) (Cv)
• sƛ̓əƛ̓úk̓ʷaʔ wood turning to pitch, pitch wood / pitchwood / Wood turning to pitch (Cv)

-ʔ 3

-ʔ 3, -iʔ IN EXPRESSIONS OF TIME, PERHAPS PAST MEANING

• q̓sápiʔ long time; long time ago / He was there a long time (PS)
• laʔ čxʔítiʔ At first, the first time (PS)
• taʔkín̓ iʔ ksq̓sápiʔs? How long? (PS)
• t̓i lútiʔ sk̓laʔxʷs Before it got late (PS)
• pútiʔ ksxʷuyən̓t There’s still ice (PS)
• pútiʔ k̓ímlaʔxʷ It’s still dark (PS)
• uɬ lut sq̓sápiʔs It wasn’t long (PS)

-ʔ 4

-ʔ 4 -iʔ be able to, be allowed to

• mypnúiʔs He was able to find out
• t̓i n̓k̓ʷaʔk̓ʷíniʔs He picked it out (PS)
• paʔpíniʔs He folded it
• ʔawtípiʔsəlx They followed him (PS)
• čəčqín̓kmiʔst, She'̓s lying on her back. (OkB)
• n̓k̓ʷaʔk̓ʷíniʔs He was able to pick it out (PS)
• tkʷəskʷəsčútmiʔs He was able to play tricks on them (Cv)
• l̓ kskʷúmiʔs Where she was able to put it away (PS)
• ʔəʔúkʷiʔs He took them (PS)
• ksc̓əwqíw̓siʔs He’s cutting the cards (Cv)
• uɬ aɬíʔ nixʷ kswíkiʔsəlx I want them to see it (PS)
• lut kswíkiʔs She won’t be able to see it (PS)
• ksənmaʔípiʔs He’ll tell on them
• ksmiypnúysəlx They want to know how (Cv)
• ksníxəlmiʔs He wanted to be able to hear it / He’ll be able to hear (Cv)
• lut x̌minks kskpúlxmiʔs He didn’t like to camp by him (PS)
• lut ksənq̓əltúsiʔs He won’t get sick over it
• kɬəɬnmlʕásiʔs He’s going to warm it again (Cv)
• lut ksənk̓ástmiʔs, lut ksənq̓əltúsiʔs He won’t get to feeling bad, he won’t get sick over it (PS)
• uɬ aɬíʔ lut xʔkinm̓ mi kn̓ ʔáčəčqəʔiʔ There isn’t any way for me to get out (PS)
• ʔaw̓aw̓tíw̓siʔs He sneaked up (Cv)

-ʔ 4, -iʔ be able to, be allowed to

• t̓i n̓k̓ʷaʔk̓ʷíniʔs He picked it out (PS)
• paʔpíniʔs He folded it
• ʔawtípiʔsəlx They followed him (PS)
• čəčqín̓kmiʔst, She'̓s lying on her back. (OkB)
• kʷúmiʔn̓t be able to store something / He was able to store it (PS)
• n̓k̓ʷaʔk̓ʷíniʔs He was able to pick it out (PS)
• tkʷəskʷəsčútmiʔs He was able to play tricks on them (Cv)
• l̓ kskʷúmiʔs Where she was able to put it away (PS)
• ksníxəlmiʔs He wanted to be able to hear it / He’ll be able to hear (Cv)
• mypnúiʔs He was able to find out
• ʔəʔúkʷiʔs He took them (PS)
• ksc̓əwqíw̓siʔs He’s cutting the cards (Cv)
• uɬ aɬíʔ nixʷ kswíkiʔsəlx I want them to see it (PS)
• lut kswíkiʔs She won’t be able to see it (PS)
• ksənmaʔípiʔs He’ll tell on them
• ksmiypnúysəlx They want to know how (Cv)
• lut ksənq̓əltúsiʔs He won’t get sick over it
• lut x̌minks kskpúlxmiʔs He didn’t like to camp by him (PS)
• kɬəɬnmlʕásiʔs He’s going to warm it again (Cv)
• lut ksənk̓ástmiʔs, lut ksənq̓əltúsiʔs He won’t get to feeling bad, he won’t get sick over it (PS)
• uɬ aɬíʔ lut xʔkinm̓ mi kn̓ ʔáčəčqəʔiʔ There isn’t any way for me to get out (PS)
• ʔaw̓aw̓tíw̓siʔs He sneaked up (Cv)

ʔa an interjection / yes indeed, emphatic yes, affirmative

• kʕ̓ʷəynčútməntm̓ čuntm̓ “uɬ haʔ kʷ sc̓intx? a kn̓ sqəltmíxʷ, uɬ kʷ tkɬmilxʷ.” He laughed at her and said “What are you saying? I am the man, and you the woman.” (PS)
• "ʔa way̓ aspʔús,” čun̓tm̓ iʔ t q̓ʷy̓ʕas iʔ sx̌ʷil̓mn̓. “Ah, if that’s how you feel,” the Black Face told the Devil. (PS)

ʔáččqaʔ go out

ʔáčəčqaʔ go out. PLURAL

• ʔá··čəčqaʔl̓x They were all going out (PS)
• way̓ xʷsxʷusəlx way̓ ixíʔ ʔáčəčqaʔl̓x They hurried and they went out (PS)
• kʷaʔ čxʷuyx, ixíʔ uɬ kʷu ʔáčəčqaʔ Come on, let’s get out (PS)
• ʔáˤpnáʔ way̓ uɬ kʷu ʔáčəčqaʔ iʔ tl̓ sn̓mamáyaʔtn̓. Now we are out of school. (PS)

ʔáčəčqaʔst let out / put out / take something out / let out / put out

• ʔačəčqaʔsts He drove them out (Cv)
• ʔáčəčqaʔstsəlx iʔ kəwʔapsəlx They took out their horses (PS)

ʔačəčqíʔst able to get out

ʔačkníkstm̓ play with something

ʔačkníkstn̓ toys

ʔáčqaʔ go out, exit / go outside / out (OkB)

• k̓aw̓, nak̓ʷm̓ mat t̓ ʔáčqaʔ. He’s gone, he must have slipped out. (PS)
• way̓ lut xʔkinm̓ mi ʔáčqaʔ He couldn’t do anything to get out (PS)

ʔačqaʔíʔst manage to get out

• lut xʔkinm̓ miʔ ʔačəčqaʔíʔst There isn’t anything to do to get out (PS)
• way̓ kɬčaw̓t kiʔ ʔačəčqaʔíʔst kəkc̓ilxqən̓ Wood Tick had quite a time before it got out (PS)

ʔáčqaʔst iʔ sn̓x̌ʷil̓mn̓ take out the garbage

ʔáčqaʔst iʔ sn̓x̌ʷilmn* take out the garbage / take out the garbage

ʔačʔúčl̓ to paddle

ʔAkát personal name- Agate (OkB)

ʔaksw̓čnitkʷ standing on riverbank or shore

ʔakswíx stand / stand up / stand, be among / stand, be standing / standing (OkB)

• kn̓ ʔakswíx I stand up (Cv)
• ta ʔx̌ilm̓ k̓at̓qnm̓, níkxnaʔ aláʔ ʔakswíx iʔ sn̓kɬc̓aʔsqáx̌aʔ, qʷamqʷəmt iʔ sn̓kɬc̓aʔsqáx̌aʔ He raised his head, goodness, there stood a horse, a beautiful horse (PS)
• ta ʔx̌ilm̓ k̓at̓qnm̓, níkxnaʔ aláʔ ʔakswíx iʔ sn̓k̓ɬc̓aʔsqáx̌aʔ He raised his head, goodness, there stood a horse (PS)
• way̓ ilíʔ ʔakswíx, uɬ n̓stils… There he stood, and thought… / There he stood, and he thought… (PS)

ʔakswxínk stand on a side hill

ʔakswxlwís stand around / stand around, wander around

• aláʔ kiʔ kʷ ʔaksw̓xlwís. You are standing around here. (Cv)

ʔakʷɬtmniʔ corpse. compound

• sʔəkʷɬtn̓iʔm̓səlx They were carrying the corpse (PS)

ʔakʷtíl̓x insect, to crawl

ʔakʷʔakʷtílx insects / bugs / bug / insect / bug / insect

ʔakʷʔakʷtílx naʔɬ tupl̓ bugs and spiders / bugs and spiders

ʔalapúl̓ Gopher, gopher / Gopher, gopher. in Ok and Cv mythology, Coyote’s wife

• kɬtkɬmilxʷ, ixíʔ čusəlx pul̓, pul̓laʔxʷ, uɬ aɬíʔ čniɬč sčusts alapúl̓ He had a wife, they call her Goph, Gopher, and he calls her Gophie (PS)

ʔalhíkst shoot straight

• kn̓ ʔalhíkst I can shoot straight (don’t miss). (Cv) analysis unclear

ʔalk̓ʷsíʔstms one’s sharpening

• way̓ ixíʔ sʔəlk̓ʷsíʔstm̓s axáʔ iʔ q̓ʷəyáˤs iʔ áys·a The Black Face started sharpening the ice saw (PS)

ʔalk̓ʷúsm̓ sharpen / sharpen a blade (OkB)

• iksʔalk̓ʷúsm̓ in̓nín̓k̓mn̓. I’m going to sharpen my knife.
• ʔalk̓ʷusən̓t antixʷčk Sharpen your tongue. (Ok)

ʔalk̓ʷústn̓ sharpening stone

ʔalk̓ʷústn̓, alk̓ʷústn̓ sharpening stone (OkB)

ʔalusčút gather together

ʔalusíkstm̓ take up a collection

• n̓ín̓w̓iʔ kʷu ʔal̓usíkstm̓ mi liq̓əntm̓ We will get up a collection and we’ll bury him (PS)

ʔalusílp̓m̓ gather wood, firewood

ʔalusíslp̓m̓, aʔluʔsísəl̓p̓m̓ gather wood, firewood (OkB)

ʔalussqílxʷ, aluʔsqílxʷ people gather together compound (OkB)

ʔaluʔsčút gather together

ʔalw̓sčút Crowd together (OkB)

• sʔalusčúts yəyáˤt iʔ qʷəc̓qʷac̓t iʔ sqəlqəltmixʷ All the strongest men gathered. (Ok)

ʔalw̓sqílxʷ gather people together / gather people together. northern pronunciation (OkB)

ʔAɬčhíw̓ʔamn̓ place name. Sand Creek. supposedly a Spokane word referring to a type of small fish (OkB)

ʔaɬəɬnún̓t able to eat

ʔaɬʔíɬniʔst able to eat

ʔaɬʔíɬn̓t have eaten something

• way̓ xʷʔasq̓ət lut t̓ə čʔəɬʔiɬənsəlx It’s been many days since they had eaten (PS)

ʔamasnsp̓íliʔsn̓t threaten to hit somebody. compound / threaten to club somebody. compound / threaten to club somebody

• way̓ nixʷ tixʷkʷúkstməl̓xʔamasənsp̓íliʔsəntməl̓x He told them the same thing, he threatened to club them (PS)
• kʷuʔ ʔamasənsp̓íliʔsn̓tm̓ He threatened to club us (Cv)
• kʷuʔ ʔamaʔsənsp̓íliʔsəntm̓ iʔ kʷu əɬčkʷulstm̓ He threatened to club us, he sent us back (PS)
• way̓ nixʷ ixíʔ ʔamaʔsənsp̓íliʔsəs Again he threatened to club them (PS)

ʔám̓aʔs threaten / threaten. analysis unclear (Cv)

ʔam̓čnítkʷ sit on the bank / shore

ʔam̓čút feed oneself

ʔammútət fall down

ʔamnám̓ feed

• uɬ aɬíʔ lut t̓ iksíwstm̓stm̓, t̓ iksʔəmnám̓ t lawán̓, čm̓ n̓k̓əstmis I wouldn’t water him, or feed him oats, that might harm him (PS)
• kmix ilíʔ kʷu áˤčəntíxʷ, uɬ lut kʷu aksʔamnám̓ Just tie me there, and don’t feed me (PS)

ʔamníl̓tm̓ name a child / feed children

ʔamníl̓tm̓ / ʔamníl̓tn̓t feed children

ʔamníl̓tm̓, ʔamníl̓tn̓t feed children

ʔamnsqáx̌aʔ feed for stock

• uɬ ilíʔ kn̓ ksʔamənsqáx̌aʔ t lawán̓, t swpúlaʔxʷ There I have feed for horses, oats, hay (PS)

ʔamnsqáx̌aʔm̓ feed an animal

• čʔamn̓sqáx̌aʔm̓əl̓x. They fed the stock (Cv)

ʔamn̓sqáx̌aʔm̓ feed animals

ʔamnsqáx̌aʔmn̓t feed an animal

• way̓ kʷu sn̓məlx̌aʔčinəmsəlx iɬəɬqáqčaʔ, kʷu ʔamənsqáx̌aʔmsəlx iʔ k̓a ylmixʷm̓ My brothers told a lie about me, they are feeding me to the king (PS)

ʔamnúnm̓ / ʔamnún̓t manage to say

ʔamnús manage to say / come out with in speech

ʔam̓sm̓ pitiful / poor thing / unfortunate, poor

• ʔa··msm̓ sn̓ʔímaʔt Poor grandchild / Poor grandchildren (PS)
• ʔam̓sm̓ isqʷsíʔ My poor boy (Cv)

ʔam̓tíkʷ an̓pús feed the cat / feed the cat

ʔam̓tím̓ feed somebody / feed somebody. the n is deleted from this root regularly before s, ɬ, but also before the transitive -nt which irregularly appears as t

• mi ksiwstm̓stn̓, məɬ ʔamtín̓ t lawán̓ I will water him, and I’ll feed him some oats (PS)
• pnaʔ lut sxʷʔit əɬaʔ čk̓ʷul̓čɬmn̓, əɬaʔ čʔəmɬulmn̓ Maybe what I cook for you isn’t enough / Maybe what I cook for you and what I feed you isn’t enough (PS)

ʔam̓tím̓ iʔ pus feed the cat / feed the cat

ʔamtlwís sit around

• uɬ way̓ ʔəmtlwis axáʔ iʔ stʔiwtx The first one got to sitting around (PS)

ʔam̓túɬtm̓ to feed

ʔam̓tútyaʔ in a sitting position

ʔamút He sits / sit

ʔamút,amút sit

ʔamútət fall down. (cv) unclear analysis / fall on one's butt / sit down hard

ʔam̓xlwís move around

ʔamʔam̓čín̓ watch / watch. unclear analysis

ʔamʔam̓čín̓t watch for something

• ʔam̓am̓číntxʷ You’re watching for it (Cv)

ʔam̓ʔúm̓ɬt to name

ʔanwín̓t feel something / sense, feel soemthing / sense, feel something

• ʔayxáxaʔ kn̓ əɬaʔxʷísk̓it, ixíʔ kiʔ ʔanwín̓ iksq̓míltn̓ In a while I got rested, that’s when I felt hungry (PS)
• ʔanwís n̓čkʷísk̓itm̓ She’ll feel it and she’ll groan (PS)
• uɬ way̓ ʔanwís iʔ sčiʔíxs He started feeling the heat (PS)

ʔanwnxásq̓t temperature

ʔapənkspíntk Ten years (PS)

ʔapənkstásq̓ət Ten days (Cv)

ʔapl̓s apples / apple

ʔapn̓kɬtál̓qn̓ ten teepees

ʔapn̓kɬtíp ten eggs

ʔapnkspíntk ten years

ʔapnkspín̓tk ten years

ʔapnkstásq̓t ten days

ʔapn̓kstásq̓t ten days

ʔapnkstáyaʔqn̓ ten head

ʔapnkstáyaʔqn̓, ʔapənkstáyaʔqən̓ ten head (Cv)

ʔapn̓kstíɬxʷ ten houses

ʔapnkstíwɬ ten boats

ʔapnkstíwɬ, ʔapənkstíwɬ ten boats (Cv)

ʔáp̓qʷuʔstn̓ napkin

ʔap̓ʔíp̓kstm̓ wipe hands

ʔaq̓ʷm̓ shave

ʔaq̓ʷm̓, ʔaq̓ʷm̓ shave (Cv)

ʔaq̓ʷn̓t scrape/shave something / scrape something

• ʔaq̓ʷs shave / He scraped. (Cv) e.g. the cinders off the coals

ʔaq̓ʷsm̓ to shave

ʔaq̓ʷsnčút shave

• kn̓ ʔaq̓ʷsənčút I shaved (Cv)

ʔaq̓ʷsn̓t shave somebody

• ʔaq̓ʷsən̓ I shaved him (Cv)

ʔaq̓ʷsx shave

ʔaq̓ʷʔáq̓ʷsm̓ to shave

ʔaq̓ʔíq̓m̓ to scrape a hide

ʔarsíkʷ turtle

ʔar̓síkʷ turtle

ʔarsíkʷm̓ place name- McCoy Lake [lit. place of turtles.] (OkB)

ʔAryát personal name- Harriet

• uɬ k̓əl̓ aryát haʔ p yʔaˤp? And did you get to Harriet’s? (Cv)

ʔasəlʔúpənkstɬčílkst Twenty five / Twenty-five (Cv)

ʔasəsíl̓ doubles

ʔasíl̓ two / 2

• ʔasíl̓ x̌əčəčikst Two hundred / Two hundred. (OkB) (OkB)
• uɬ way̓ axáʔ ksʔasíls skáˤčíw̓s Now it’s been two weeks (PS)
• way̓ ʔasíl̓ sʔistk It’s been two winters (PS)
• mi ʔasíl̓ x̌əx̌yaɬnəx̌ʷ Until two o’clock (Cv)
• way̓ wiks ʔasíl̓ xəwʔiɬ He saw two roads (PS)

ʔásíl̓ tl̓kaʔɬlsak̓ʷtsíliʔs two-thirds

ʔasilx̌čəčíkst 200

ʔasláqstxn̓ two legs

ʔaslásq̓t second day / two days / two days / second day

ʔasláyaʔqn̓ two head

ʔasláyaʔqn̓, ʔasláyaʔqən̓ two head (Cv)

ʔaslíkst two hands

ʔaslíɬxʷ two houses

ʔaslíɬxʷ, ʔasəlíɬxʷ two houses (Cv)

ʔasl̓ín̓k two guns

ʔaslípuʔstxn̓ two steps

ʔaslísxn̓ two rocks

ʔaslíwl̓ two vessels

ʔaslíwɬ two boats

ʔaslíwɬ, ʔasəlíwɬ two boats (Cv)

ʔaslíʔst two bullets, two arrows

ʔasl̓qín̓kst two fingers

ʔaslsc̓áks number pair / pair- number pair

ʔasl̓sčaʔáqʷ two summers

ʔaslspíntk two years. compound

• way̓ uɬ ʔasəlspíntk It’s been two years (PS)

ʔaslspíntk aʔčq̓əy̓am̓ second graders

ʔasl̓sʔístk two winters

ʔaslúsm̓ both sides / twice

• kʷu ƛ̓xʷupəntxʷ ʔaslúsm̓ You got the best of me twice (PS)

ʔaslúsm̓ aksc̓ák two ways- count two ways

ʔaslʔupənkstɬčílkst twenty five

ʔaslʔúpənkstɬčilkst twenty-five

ʔaslʔúpnkst twenty / twenty. compound

ʔaslʔúpn̓kst twenty (OkB)

ʔasl̓ʔúpn̓kst twenty / 20

ʔaslʔúpnkst uɬ čilkst piqsxn̓ quarter

ʔaslʔupnkstɬasíl̓ Twenty-two (OkB)

ʔaslʔúpnkstɬnáqs Twenty-one

ʔasl̓ʔupn̓kstɬnáqs twenty one (OkB)

ʔaslʔupn̓kstɬʔasíl̓ twenty two (OkB)

ʔastkʷ cedar

• axáʔ iʔ ʔastkʷ iʔ mxiɬp Cedar boughs (PS)

ʔasx̌m̓ spine / backbone

ʔasx̌m̓, asx̌m̓, ʔasx̌m̓ backbone (Cv)

ʔAtánaʔ geog.-Yakima (Cv)

ʔátətxiʔst able to sleep

ʔatxílx sleep (more than one) / sleep (plural)

ʔatxíl̓xst put to sleep (more than 1)

ʔatxímn̓ sleep late / sleepy head

ʔaw̓aw̓čín̓t be watchful of something

• ʔaw̓aw̓čín̓ I sat watching and ready to hit (Cv)

ʔaw̓aw̓tíw̓sn̓t sneak up on something

• ʔaw̓aw̓tíw̓siʔs He sneaked up (Cv)

ʔawčín̓ follow the shore upstream

ʔawíɬtxn̓ sneak up to

ʔaw̓íɬtxn̓ sneak up to, stalk a person, sneak along (OkB)

ʔawqnwíxʷ follow one another

• ixíʔ sn̓ʔaw̓qnwíxʷs yəyaˤt iʔ sqilxʷ, kaʔ n̓kʷín̓plaʔsəlx̓. All the people followed one another singing. (Cv)

ʔaws- go in compounds

• iʔ sʔaw̓sk̓ɬčəhmíx. They are who went to watch., S/he is going to be on watch. (PS)
• sʔawsk̓ʕáwxəlx They go praying (Cv)
• ʔawsyáʕ̓l̓x They went to the gathering (Cv)
• p ʔawspúlx You go to bed (PS)
• mi sič ʔawsk̓ʷúl̓ən̓ I’ll go tend to it (PS)
• ʔawsčʕáwlx You go bathing (Cv)
• kn̓ ʔawspíx̌m̓ I go hunting (Cv)
• ʔawsyəyáx̌aʔm̓, ʔawsk̓ək̓níyaʔ He went to watch and listen (PS)
• ʔawsənt̓áqʷm̓ He went to lick plates (PS)
• ʔawsk̓ʷúl̓čɬmn̓ I’ll go cook for you (PS)
• ik̓líʔ ʔaw̓stkíčsəl̓x. They went and got there abouts. (PS)
• p ʔawsxminaʔnčút You go get straightened out (Cv)
• xʷuyx čʔawsáˤčán̓t Go tie it up (PS)
• sʔawsčuláyx He was going to the celebration (Cv)
• kn̓ ʔawsʔíɬən̓ I went to eat (Cv)

ʔawsáˤčntím̓ go tie something / go tie something. compound

• xʷuyx čʔawsáˤčán̓t ixíʔ iʔ sn̓kɬc̓aʔsqáx̌aʔ Go tie up the horse (PS)

ʔawsk̓áˤw̓ go pray. compound

• sʔawsk̓áˤwxəlx They go praying (Cv)

ʔawsk̓k̓níyaʔ go to listen. compound / go to listen

• ʔawsyəyáx̌aʔm̓, ʔawsk̓ək̓níyaʔ iʔ k̓əl̓ skəkʕákaʔ iʔ ksm̓ayʔnčútaʔx He went to watch (and) listen to the bird’s story (PS)

ʔaw̓sk̓ɬčhám̓ go watch out

ʔawsk̓ʷul̓n̓t go fix something. compound

• mi sič ʔawsk̓ʷul̓ən̓ And then I’ll go tend to him (PS)
• ixíʔ ʔaw̓sk̓ʷúl̓čɬəmn̓. Then I’ll go cook for you all. (PS)

ʔawsƛ̓xʷntím̓ go kill many. compound

• ixíʔ nínwiʔ kʷ k̓ɬʔatətxnúm̓t ixíʔ mɬ čʔaw̓sƛ̓əxʷɬúlm̓s iʔ t pəptw̓ínaxʷ. When you fall asleep, the old woman will come and kill you guys. (PS)

ʔawsmúskst go take a chance. compound

• kʷu sčʔawsmúskstx We came over to take a chance (Cv)

ʔaw̓sn̓t̓áqʷm̓ go lick plates

• ʔawsənt̓áqʷm̓ He went to lick plates (PS)

ʔaw̓ssíwstm̓st go water something. compound

• ʔawssíwstm̓stn̓, mɬ n̓ín̓w̓iʔ n̓k̓ʷixʷkn̓n̓ I’ll go water him, and then I’ll take off the saddle (PS)

ʔawstkíčn̓t go meet somebody

• ik̓líʔ ʔaw̓stkíčsəl̓x, ixíʔ iʔ sqʷsiʔsəl̓x. They went to meet him around there, that’s their son. (PS)

ʔawsyaʔyáʔx̌m̓ go watch. compound

• way̓ ixíʔ xʷuy̓ səxʷk̓ʷul̓čənčut, ʔawsyəyáx̌aʔm̓, ʔawsk̓ək̓níyaʔ The cook went, he went to watch and listen (PS)

ʔawsyáʕ go to the gathering. compound

• uʔawsyáʕ̓l̓x They went to the gathering (Cv)

ʔaw̓sʔamn̓sqáx̌aʔ go feed stock

ʔawsʔúkʷmaʔm̓ Go to bid good bye (PS)

ʔaw̓t ʔawcín follow the shore upstream

• ixíʔ ɬəɬn̓ʔaw̓čínm̓səl̓x t n̓x̌ʷy̓aʔɬpítkʷ. Then they started going back up river on the Kettle River. (Cv)

ʔaw̓təptíɬn̓ follow

ʔaw̓típiʔs He followed behind her. (OkB)

• ʔawtípəntxʷ You follow right behind (Cv)

ʔawtípn̓t follow somebody

• kʷu ʔawtíps He’s behind me (Cv)
• way̓ ixíʔ sʔáčqaʔs, way̓ kʔáčəčqaʔmsəlx, t̓əxʷ ʔawtípiʔsəlx Then he went out, they went out with him, they followed him (PS)

ʔaw̓típn̓t follow somebody / follow somebody or something / something / follow somebody / something

ʔaw̓tmaʔsqílxʷ contemporary people

ʔawtpáɬq follow

• ʔawtpáɬqəlx They followed (Cv)
• ixíʔ sič iʔ k̓ʷiƛ̓ət iʔ sqilxʷ ʔawtpáɬq Then the rest of the folks string along (PS)

ʔaw̓tpáɬq follow

ʔaw̓tpíliʔs parading

ʔaw̓tsíw̓s oppose each other

ʔaw̓tús opponent

ʔaw̓túsmn̓t oppose / be matched in gambling

ʔaw̓ʔaw̓tíw̓sn̓t sneak up on

ʔaw̓ʔíw̓txnm̓ sneak up on

ʔawʕáʔ onomatopoetic expression

ʔax̌ yuck

ʔax̌láqsm̓ he pushes it away / push something to one side (Cv)

ʔax̌láqsn̓t push something to one side, aside

• ixíʔ ak̓láʔ ʔax̌láqsm̓s.. Then s/he pushed it to one side here. (PS)

ʔax̌lásq̓t every day

ʔax̌líkstm̓ guide

• t̓əxʷ kʷ tkʷənkʷnim̓, uɬ lut kʷu t̓ aksʔəx̌líkstm̓, t inčá way̓ čmystin̓ k̓aʔkín̓ kʷu ɬə ksxʷuys Just hold on, you don’t have to guide me, I know where we are going (PS)

ʔax̌líkstmn̓t do something with the hand to somebody

• t̓i axáʔ ʔax̌líkstm̓s uɬ n̓wisəlx iʔ sn̓kɬc̓aʔsqáx̌aʔ He did like that and the horse rose (PS)

ʔax̌líw̓s resemble, same, similar

ʔax̌líw̓s čʔax̌əlíw̓s resemble, same, similar (OkB)

ʔax̌líw̓s, čʔax̌əlíw̓s resemble, same, similar (OkB)

ʔax̌llwís do something, be doing something

ʔax̌lmnčút turn around, turn back

ʔax̌l̓mn̓čút turn around / turn oneself around (OkB)

• way̓ t̓i lut səlkʷuts, uɬ ixíʔ sʔax̌əlmənčúts He didn’t go far, and he turned back (PS)

ʔax̌l̓mnwíxʷ make love to each other

ʔax̌lm̓túɬt pass around

ʔax̌lspíntk every year / every year. compound

• ʔax̌əlspíntk kʷu ƛ̓xʷupəntxʷ Every year you get the best of me (PS)

ʔax̌l̓spín̓tk every year

ʔax̌ltmsqáx̌aʔ turn a horse around

• ʔax̌əltm̓sqáx̌aʔ He turned his horse around (PS)

ʔax̌l̓túɬt turn over s/t to someone

ʔax̌lúsm̓ turn head / turn away / turn face

• way̓ k̓laʔ ʔax̌lúsm̓, čut, “lut t̓ iksxʷúy.” He just turned away, he said, “I’m not going.” (PS)

ʔax̌lwís do something, be doing something

• čʔax̌l̓lwís. He’s fooling around (Cv)
• way̓ wi··m̓ sʔax̌əllwísč It won’t work whatever he does (PS)
• uɬ axáʔ iʔ k̓ʷiƛ̓ət puxəlx, kmix k̓m̓ sn̓k̓l̓ip iʔ čʔəx̌əllwis The others went to bed, only Coyote is fooling around (PS)

ʔax̌lx̌lw̓sílxʷ the same body

• hi·, iʔ kwapsəl̓x qʷm̓qʷim̓, kɬʔax̌l̓x̌lw̓sílxʷ. Gee, their horses prance, they are well matched.

ʔáx̌ʷlaʔxʷtn̓ rake

ʔax̌ʷlp Broom (OkB)

ʔax̌ʷlp, ax̌ʷlp broom (OkB)

ʔax̌ʷlpm̓ sweep the floor

ʔax̌ʷlpm̓, ax̌ʷlpm̓, ʔax̌ʷlpm̓ sweep the floor (OkB)

ʔax̌ʷmn̓ brush (OkB)

ʔax̌ʷmn̓, aʔx̌ʷmn̓, ʔax̌ʷmn̓ brush (OkB)

ʔax̌ʷn̓t sweep

ʔax̌ʷtús sleepy face

ʔax̌ʷyn̓ fishing net

ʔax̌ʷyn̓, ʔáx̌ʷiyn̓ fishing net (OkB)

ʔax̌ʔax̌lálqʷ the same stature, the same height

• t̓i put čʔax̌ʔax̌lús, uɬ put čʔax̌ʔax̌lálqʷəlx Their faces are just alike, and their heights are the same (PS)

ʔax̌ʔax̌lílx do something, be busy

• way̓ axáʔ ʔəx̌lʔəx̌lilx He was busy doing something (PS)

ʔax̌ʔax̌lús the same looks

ʔayáʔ oh no!, interjection

• ʔayáʔ ! kn̓ n̓stil̓s nak̓ʷáʔ kʷuʔ x̌min̓ksəl̓x, mɬ kn̓ čkswil̓qn̓. Heck, I thought they don’t care for me, and I am not valuable to them. (Cv)

ʔay̓kr acre

ʔaymíw̓s (a) cross

ʔay̓míw̓s cross

ʔaymíw̓sn̓t cross out (put an x on) / bless somebody

• ʔaymíw̓sənts He blessed you (Cv)

ʔaymuʔssčút cross oneself (OkB)

ʔáysaʔ ice saw / ice saw. English

• ixíʔ sʔalk̓ʷsíʔstm̓s axáʔ iʔ ʔáy̓saʔ, čm̓ t sqilxʷ čus n̓nik̓mn̓ l̓ sxʷuyn̓t. Then he started sharpening the ice saw, one could call it in Indian saw for ice. (PS)

ʔaysnwíxʷ share

ʔay̓snwíxʷ share

ʔay̓xáxaʔ a short time / a while / after a while / after a while, a short while / after a while, a while, short time

• čm̓ ʔay̓xáxaʔ tl̓ aksx̌ʷáq̓ʷl̓qsm̓ miʔ čk̓ɬnixlmn̓txʷ iʔ pəptw̓ínaxʷ. A little while after you start snoring you’ll hear the old lady. (PS)
• ʔay̓xáxaʔ tl̓ sqaqsəsts a little after dark (PS)
• n̓ín̓w̓iʔ ʔayxáxaʔ ksaʔxíc̓aʔ mi ksiwstm̓stn̓, məɬ ʔamtín̓ t lawán̓ In a little while when he cools off I will water him, and I’ll feed him some oats (PS)
• ʔayxáxaʔčənwis Time went by, the sun was high (PS)

ʔayx̌ʷt tired

• myaɬ kn̓ ʔayx̌ʷt I am too tired (PS)
• way̓ mət taʔlíʔ kʷ ʔayx̌ʷt You must be very tired (PS)
• uɬ lut ʔayx̌ʷt, uɬ n̓k̓əwpils He wasn’t tired, he was lonesome (PS)
• ixíʔ sxʷaʔxʷísts uɬ t̓iʔ lut uɬ ʔay̓x̌ʷt. Then he started walking, and in no time he was tired. (PS)
• lut kʷ t̓ə ʔayx̌ʷt kʷ əɬaʔ čənc̓iw̓m̓ You don’t get tired when you wash dishes (PS)

ʔay̓x̌ʷtmn̓t get tired of something

ʔayʔáyx̌ʷt tired. PLURAL

• mət way̓ p ʔayʔáyxʷt I guess you are tired (PS)

ʔaʔísc̓k̓ squirrel

ʔaʔísčk̓ pine squirrel (OkB)

ʔáʔpust crotch

ʔaʔsíw̓ɬ loon

ʔaʔsíw̓ɬ, aʔsíw̓ɬ loon (OkB)

ʔaʔúkʷiʔn̓t take something

• ʔaʔúkʷiʔs iʔ siyúpsč He took his tops (PS)

ʔaʔúkʷn̓t take something

ʔaʔúlus gather

• way̓ ixíʔ aʔú··lusm̓ iʔ t k̓ámaʔ, iʔ t stim̓ He started to gather pine needles, anything (PS)

ʔaʔúm̓ read / to read

ʔaʔúsaʔ eggs / egg / egg. possibly further segmentable

• iʔ sn̓c̓aʔxʷíɬc̓aʔ, iʔ ʔutmíl̓, km̓ iʔ ʔaʔúsaʔ. It is hot cakes, oat meal, or eggs. (PS)

ʔáʔˤáˤʔn̓čút laugh (PLURAL) (OkB)

ʔáˤc̓aˤc̓n̓txʷ asčn̓stíl̓s check your prediction

ʔáˤc̓ɬq̓əy̓min̓ magazine

ʔaˤc̓m̓ look

ʔáˤc̓m̓ look at something (OkB)

• uɬ sqilxʷ, áˤc̓m̓ k̓əl̓ sk̓ʷut, uɬ nixʷ sqilxʷ There are people, he looked to the other side, and there are also people (PS)
• k̓aʔkín̓ kn̓ ʔáˤc̓m̓ mɬ way̓ ik̓líʔ wikn̓ k̓l̓ tk̓m̓kniɬxʷ. Wherever I look and around there I see outside. (PS)

ʔáˤc̓n̓t look at something / Look at it (PS)

• maˤn̓ áˤc̓ən̓t axáʔ t asaʔstám̓ Just look at your sister-in-law (PS)
• n̓t̓aʔ, áˤc̓ən̓t kʷaʔ itíʔ kiyíc̓ásq̓ət, taʔlíʔ c̓aɬt Well, look how clear it is, it's very cold / Well, look how clear it is, it’s very cold (PS)
• way̓ áˤc̓əntməlx sn̓k̓l̓ip Coyote looked them over (PS)
• uɬ t̓i áˤc̓əntxʷ iʔ sx̌əlx̌áˤlt, t̓əxʷ l̓ sk̓laxʷ məɬ n̓k̓ʷul̓čnm̓ Look at the day, when in the evening the weather is fixing the day / Look at the day, in the evening when the weather is fixing the day (PS)
• n̓ín̓w̓iʔ áˤc̓əntxʷ kʷ n̓putəls, uɬ way̓ sič kʷu x̌aq̓əntxʷ Go look at it and if you are satisfied, then you can pay me (PS)
• uɬ axáʔ áˤc̓əs iʔ k̓əl̓ sk̓ʷut He looked to one side (PS)
• n̓ín̓w̓iʔ áˤc̓əs, uɬ way̓ mypnus t inčá kʷ iskʷulstm̓ He’ll look at it, and he’ll know I sent you (PS)

ʔáˤčn̓tím̓ tie something

ʔáˤc̓x̌m̓ look

• húmaʔ ʔaˤc̓x̌x ak̓láʔ iʔ k̓l̓ askn̓wístm̓. Look above you here. (PS)

ʔáˤc̓x̌m̓tuɬt show to someone

ʔáˤc̓x̌m̓túɬt show someone where to look

ʔáˤc̓x̌nčútn̓ mirror (OkB)

ʔáˤc̓x̌n̓čútn̓ mirror

ʔÁˤc̓x̌úlaʔxʷ a man’s name (OkB)

ʔaʕ̓íčkʷalaʔ meadowlark

ʔaʕ̓íčkʷalaʔ, ʔaʕ̓íčkʷalaʔ, ʔáˤʕ̓áyčkʷala meadowlark (Cv)

ʔáˤláp lose a race / lose a contest

• kn̓ áˤláp I lost (what I gambled) (Cv)
• ʔáˤpnáʔ lut iksʔáˤláp. I’m not going to lose now.

ʔáˤl̓pmín̓t to lose (a contest)

ʔáˤlpnčút be loser

• uɬ t̓a wnixʷ kiʔ kn̓ kstaʔmínaʔ, way̓ kn̓ áˤlpənčút Sure enough I had a hard time to pull through winter, I was the loser all the way / I sure had a hard time to pull through winter, I was the loser all the way (PS)

ʔáˤlqín̓t cover something

• ʔáˤlqísəlx They put the cover on it (PS)

ʔáˤɬán̓t pile

ʔáˤƛ̓ám̓ chew something, gnaw (Cv)

ʔáˤƛ̓úlaʔxʷm̓ graze

ʔáˤƛ̓ʔáˤƛ̓čínmn̓t chew somebody up with words

• ʔáˤƛ̓ʔáˤƛ̓čínmn̓tsn̓ I’m going to chew you up (Cv)

ʔáˤm̓ thaw (OkB)

• əɬʔáˤmáp thaw again, melt again

ʔáˤmám̓ melted / melted. as ice. C2 REDUPLICATION (OkB)

ʔáˤmáp melt / melt. inchoative

• t̓i kʷm̓iɬ kiʔ čiʔíx iʔ skʷal̓t, uɬ aɬíʔ ʕəmap iʔ smik̓ʷət uɬ axáʔ iʔ sxʷuyən̓t At once the sun got warm, and the snow and the ice melted / At once it got warm (from) the sun, and the snow and the ice melted (PS)

ʔáˤmáˤmál̓xkn̓ really big buck

ʔáˤm̓tús mad face

ʔaˤm̓ʔáˤy̓m̓t angry

ʔáˤm̓ʕ̓áy̓m̓t angry (pl)

ʔáˤnáˤník jack rabbit

ʔáˤnaˤníkn̓ jackrabbit

ʔáˤn̓n̓ magpie

ʔáˤpnáʔ now / now. cf. ʕpnʔ

• ʔáˤpnáʔ kʷu ksy̓aˤmíxaʔx. Now we are all going to gather up. (PS)
• uɬ ilíʔ kn̓ čx̌ʷlúlaʔxʷm̓ məɬ áˤpnáʔ aláʔ kn̓ əɬ k̓ʷəl̓ɬtm̓xʷúlaʔxʷm̓ Then I left that country and now I have made my home here (PS)
• way̓ itlíʔ kʷu əɬk̓ʷanɬqm̓, nax̌əmɬ áˤpnáʔ k̓əɬʔiysəntm̓ iʔ ksčk̓ʷanɬqtət We will put in a garden again, but his time we’ll change what we’re going to plant / We will put in a garden again, but this time we’ll change what we’re going to plant (PS)
• ʔáˤpnáʔ k̓laxʷ this evening (PS)
• ʔáˤpnáʔ way̓ uɬ k̓laxʷ.. Right now it's already evening. (PS)
• n̓ín̓w̓iʔ put n̓k̓ʷəspintk put áˤpnáʔ sx̌əlx̌áˤlt mi kʷu əɬčyaʕp It’ll be exactly one year today when we will come back (PS)
• ʔáˤpnáʔ t̓x̌iw̓twílx a year from today, next year at this time (PS)
• sič áˤpnáʔ ɬə ksxʷuys k̓əl̓ sn̓m̓am̓áy̓aʔtn̓ Just now he went to school (Cv)
• n̓ləʕ̓ʷpus áˤpnáʔ Exactly now / Exactly now. (PS) (PS)

ʔAˤtál̓ woman’s name (OkB)

ʔáˤt̓ísxaʔ sneeze

ʔáˤt̓isxm̓ sneeze

ʔáˤt̓ísxm̓ to sneeze (Cv)

ʔAˤtm̓ p.n. man’s name (OkB)

ʔáˤtʔáˤy̓tmn̓ teeth

ʔáˤwáp drip / geog- east portion of a broken peninsula which extends westward along the Kettle River, about a mile north of Napoleon; Sinixt camp site. [lit. dripping.] (OkB)

ʔáˤw̓ítmn̓tm̓ fed up with

ʔaˤx̌ scratch

ʔáˤx̌ scratch

ʔáˤx̌laʔxʷn̓t harrow the soil

ʔáˤx̌n̓t scratch something / scratch it. (ok)

ʔáˤx̌ʷmín̓ binder

• ʔáˤx̌ʷmín̓ l̓ sq̓ʷiɬt A binder for packing.

ʔáˤx̌ʷn̓tím̓ string something

• ʔáˤx̌ʷn̓tíxʷ iʔ sp̓ic̓n̓. String along the rope.

ʔaˤx̌ʔáˤx̌laʔxʷ scratch the ground / rake the ground

ʔáˤyám̓ growl / growl, scold, to roar, meow (OkB)

ʔáˤy̓áp fall out (OkB)

ʔáˤy̓čkst bull trout, Salvelinus malma (OkB)

ʔaˤy̓m̓t angry

• ʔáˤm̓ʕ̓áy̓m̓t angry (pl)

ʔáˤy̓m̓t angry

• uɬ kʷa mət taʔlíʔ ʕimt ixíʔ iʔ pəptwínaxʷ I bet the old lady is very angry (PS)

ʔáˤy̓m̓tmn̓t get angry at somebody

• mət taʔlíʔ kʷu ʕimtməntm̓ She must be very angry at us (PS)
• n̓ín̓w̓iʔ əɬ ʕimtmənts mi čənɬək̓ʷɬək̓ʷətmistxʷ l̓ q̓sápiʔ If I get mad at you you’ll remember it for a long time (Cv)

ʔáˤy̓n̓čút to smile / laugh

ʔáˤy̓pmínm̓ scold somebody

ʔáˤy̓t tired

• mət áˤyt t saq̓ʷ He must be tired from doing nothing (PS)

ʔáˤytmn̓ tooth (OkB)

ʔáˤy̓tmn̓ tooth

ʔáˤy̓tmn̓ sx̌əx̌c̓iʔ a toothpick

ʔaˤyúʔ fernleaf biscuitroot, chocolate tips, Lomatium dissectum multifidum

ʔáˤy̓x̌ʷt tired

ʔáˤy̓ʔáˤy̓í̓nkn̓t tickle somebody’s belly

• huy̓ məɬ t̓i kʷ əɬq̓ilx məɬ ixíʔ áˤyáˤyínkn̓ts And as soon as you go to bed, she’ll start tickling you. (PS)

ʔáˤy̓ʔáˤy̓n̓čút laugh

ʔáˤʔaˤc̓n̓t explore, look at repeatedly, review

ʔáˤʔíčkʷalaʔ meadowlark

ʔáˤʔíl̓tm̓ children slide

ʔáˤʔím̓ melt

ʔáˤʔn̓čút / ʔaˤw̓y̓n̓čút smile (OkB)

ʔáˤʕ̓ác̓ɬt check (command)

ʔčknčintn̓ music machine juke box, record player

• kɬʔəčkn̓čintn̓ There is a music machine (Cv)

ʔčknikst play with

• lut t̓ə sčʔəčkn̓ikstm̓p, əɬ čktər̓qíc̓aʔstp You’re not playing with it, you’re kicking it (PS)

ʔčknikstmn̓t play with something

ʔčknkstmist play with oneself

ʔčknkstmistʔəčkn̓kstmist play with oneself (Cv)

ʔəčkn̓čintn̓ Music machine, juke box, record player (Cv)

ʔəkʷtlwís Crawl around (Cv)

ʔičəčkn̓ to play

ʔičkn̓ to play / play

ʔičkst play with somebody

• ʔičkstm̓ iʔ t smaʔməʔím̓, čqsqsinkstməlx, čhahtəlx The women are playing with them, they’re tickling them, they’re laughing (PS)

ʔičtw̓ long snowshoes

ʔičtw̓, íčtuʔ long snowshoes (OkB)

ʔíiɬc̓aʔ plate (OkB)

ʔiknám̓ geog. Viet Nam / geog. Viet Nam. English? (Cv)

ʔik̓ʷn̓ fish eggs / salmon eggs

ʔik̓ʷn̓ ik̓ʷn̓, ʔik̓ʷən̓ salmon eggs (Cv)

ʔik̓ʷn̓, ik̓ʷn̓, ʔik̓ʷən̓ salmon eggs (Cv)

ʔik̓ʷnm̓ lay fish eggs

ʔilxʷt be hungry / hungry (OkB)

• way̓ nax̌əmɬ ʔilxʷt He’s very hungry (PS)
• axáʔ iskxnílt mət way̓ nixʷ ʔilxʷt, ʔayx̌ʷt My child follower must really also be tired, exhausted (PS)

ʔiɬn̓ eat

• ʔi··ɬən̓ qʷásqiʔ Blue Jay ate (PS)
• way̓ kɬčsəlxitm̓s, uɬ kʷ ʔiɬən̓ She’ll have set the table for you, and you will eat (PS)
• aláʔ miʔ čəqn̓tixʷ miʔ kʷ ʔiɬn̓. Set it here so you can eat. (Cv)
• way̓ uɬ kčwilsəlx, way̓ sʔiɬənsəlx, ʔi·ɬnəlx, uɬ wiʔwiʔčínəlx They gave them something to eat, they ate, they ate and got done eating (PS)

ʔiɬn̓ iʔ ɬkʷəkʷáˤst sʔiɬn̓ eat breakfast

• ʔiɬn̓t an̓ɬkʷəkʷʕást sʔiɬn̓ Eat your breakfast!
• l̓ k̓ʷinx kiʔ kʷ c̓iɬn̓ l̓ əɬkʷəkʷáˤst? What time do you eat breakfast?
• l̓ tim̓ɬ kiʔ kn̓ c̓iɬn̓ l̓ ɬkʷəkʷáˤst I eat breakfast at eight

ʔiɬn̓ iʔ sk̓laxʷ sʔiɬn̓ eat supper, eat dinner

• ʔiɬn̓t ask̓láxʷ sʔiɬn̓ eat your dinner, eat your supper

ʔimx move residence

• mət t̓i t sn̓kʷəkʷʔač úɬiʔ ʔimx He must have moved in the night (PS)
• ixíʔ uɬ sič ʔim̓x k̓l̓ sn̓ilíʔtn̓s. And then he moved to where he belongs. (PS)

ʔim̓x move / change houses

ʔip= on the way. cf. ʔp=

ʔip̓ən̓t Wipe it (Cv)

• x̌w̓əntisəlx x̌əw̓w̓alqʷ, xʷƛ̓əntisəlx məɬ ʔip̓əs They dry the sticks dry, they whittle them, and they wipe them / They dry the sticks dry, they whittle them, and they dry them (PS)

ʔip̓m̓ wipe

ʔip̓m̓, ip̓m̓, ʔip̓m̓ wipe (OkB)

ʔip̓n̓t wipe something

ʔip̓s wipe one’s face

• ʔip̓əsx Wipe your face (Cv)

ʔip̓sm̓ wipe face

ʔip̓stn̓ towel

ʔiq̓ scrape

ʔiq̓, iq̓ scrape (Cv)

ʔiq̓m̓ to scrape a hide

ʔiq̓mn̓ scraper

ʔisk̓ʷlm̓ throw / toss something

ʔisk̓ʷlmn̓t throw something up

• ʔisk̓ʷləms He threw them up in the air (Cv)
• uɬ axáʔ ilíʔ iʔ qʷəčqʷačqən̓ ʔisk̓ʷləms They threw the caps down (PS)

ʔistk winter

ʔistkm̓ winter

• kʷu čxʷəlxʷalt mi əɬʔistkm̓ We might stay alive until winter (PS)
• uɬ way̓ t̓i ilíʔ čʔúl̓usəlx l̓ ʔistkm̓ They stick together in winter (PS)

ʔitx go to sleep / sleep / to sleep (OkB)

• ʔi··tx, uɬ mət k̓əɬʔətətxnumt, mət čənwʔis kiʔ qiɬt He slept, and he must have overslept, maybe (the sun) was high when he woke up / He slept, and he must have overslept, the sun was high when he woke up (PS)

ʔitxəx go to sleep

ʔítx̌ʷaʔ camas, camassia quamash, cooked camas (Cv)

ʔiw̓t behind

• úɬiʔ ʔiw̓t kəkc̓ilxqən̓ Woodtick got behind (PS)

ʔiykst fight back

• kn̓ ʔiykst I fight back. (Cv) uncertain form

ʔiy̓kst / ʔiy̓ksn̓t get revenge

ʔiy̓xíxiʔ a while

ʔiʔáʔtx sleep for a while / to nap

ʔiʔlw̓s twist

ʔíʔtx̌ʷaʔ camas (Okanagan), cooked camas

ʔkin̓ where, what, how?

• lut nixʷ akɬəɬm̓íkstm̓ ʔkin̓ təl̓ tmixʷ təl̓ skəkʕákaʔ km̓ iʔ təl̓ stəkʷtəkʷut l̓ tm̓xʷúlaʔxʷ Don’t bother any whatsoever of the birds or of the animals that walk on the ground (PS)
• uɬ ʔkin̓ iʔ sčkƛ̓ʔamp? Where is the one you went to get? (PS)
• ʔkin̓ inlaklí? where’s my key? (PS)

ʔks- ʔaks- be there. cf. kɬ- 1

• aksʔax̌lwís. You will wander around. (OkB)

ʔkʷtlilx crawl around

• čʔakʷʔakʷtlilx. They are crawling around (Cv)

ʔkʷtlwis crawl around

ʔkʷʔkʷíčɬaʔmn̓t carry meat

• way̓ ixíʔ sʔəkʷʔəkʷíɬc̓aʔmsəlx They started packing the deer (PS)

ʔlʔilxʷt hungry. PLURAL

• p ʔəlʔilxʷt You are hungry (Cv)

ʔɬnimn̓ like to eat

• kn̓ ʔəɬnimn̓ I always eat (Cv)

ʔɬnmsqáx̌aʔmn̓t feed something to

• way̓ nak̓ʷm̓ kʷu ʔəɬnəmsqáx̌aʔmsəlx axáʔ iʔ t iɬəɬqáqčaʔ My brothers are feeding me to her. (PS) referring to a man-eater

ʔɬʔiɬn̓ eat. PLURAL

• way̓ ʔəɬʔi·ɬnəlx, wiʔwiʔčínəlx They ate, they got done eating (PS)
• way̓ ʔəɬʔiɬnəlx, əɬáˤpməlx, way̓ ixíʔ wiʔnúmtəlx They ate, they drank, they were all ready (PS)
• xʷuywy̓ ʔəɬʔiɬənwy̓ Go eat (Cv)

ʔɬʔɬniʔst manage to eat

• laʔkín̓ mi kʷu əxʔkinm̓ mi kʷu ʔəɬʔəɬniʔst What can we do to get things to eat (PS)

ʔɬʔɬnutm̓ edible

ʔɬʔpnutm̓ edible

• lut ʔəɬəɬnutm̓ iʔ siyúpsč iʔ patáq The tails (the leaves) of the potatoes are not edible (PS)

ʔmnčut identify oneself

• ʔəmənčutəlx They identified themselves (PS)

ʔmnčutxt tell somebody about names

• kʷu əɬʔəmənčutxts She tells me about names (Cv)

-ʔmt=

ʔp= ʔip= on the way. phonetics uncertain

ʔp=, ʔip= on the way. phonetics uncertain

• ʔəpwksqilxʷ He caught sight of it for a moment / He saw it, but it got out of sight again, he caught a glimpse of it / He saw it, but it got out of sight again (Cv)
• čʔəpwistm̓ She catches a glimpse of it. (Cv)
• ʔippúlxəlx They camped going from here (Cv)
• čpəpul̓xəl̓x. They camped coming here (Cv)
• kʷu əɬ ʔippíx̌m̓ We will hunt on the way (Cv)

=ʔpst

=ʔpst, =áʔpust crotch

• n̓ɬqʷáʔpustn̓ Loin cloth (Cv)

=ʔpstxn̓ step

• n̓ɬqʷaʔpústxn̓ Loin cloth. (Cv) uncertain form

ʔpwikm̓, yipwíkm̓ catch a glimpse of something

ʔpwikn̓t catch a glimpse of something

• ʔəpwikn̓ I accidentally saw it (Cv)

ʔpwksqilxʷ catch a glimpse of a person / catch a glimpse

• laʔkín̓ t̓əxʷ əɬaʔ čʔəpwksqilxʷ axáʔ iʔ sčyx̌iʔstx məɬ t̓áˤpám̓ When he who drives the deer happens to catch a glimpse of it, he shoots it / When he who drives accidentally catches a glimpse of (the deer), he shoots it (PS)
• əpwksqilxʷ. He saw it, but it got out of sight again. (Cv)

=ʔst

=ʔst =aʔst arrow, bullet

• n̓məlk̓ʷápaʔst n̓məlməlk̓ʷápaʔst. Stallion (Cv)

=ʔst, =aʔst arrow, bullet

• n̓məlk̓ʷápaʔst, n̓məlməlk̓ʷápaʔst Stallion (Cv)
• sx̌ʷəƛ̓x̌ʷíƛ̓aʔst saskatoon, or serviceberry / saskatoon, serviceberry / saskatoon, serviceberry. amelanchier alnifolia (OkB)
• xík̓aʔst miss a shot (OkB)

ʔsʔaslʔúpnkst twenty dollars

ʔtxilx go to sleep

• čxʷaxʷíst úɬiʔ kʷu ʔatxíl̓x. When we went to sleep he was walking up and down (PS)
• way̓ pulxəlx, uɬ aɬíʔ sʔəyʔayx̌ʷtxəlx, ʔətxilxəlx They went to bed because they were tired, they went to sleep (PS)

ʔtxilx ʔətxilx go to sləəp

• čxʷaxʷíst úɬiʔ kʷu ʔatxíl̓x. When we went to sleep he was walking up and down (PS)
• way̓ pulxəlx, uɬ aɬíʔ sʔəyʔayx̌ʷtxəlx, ʔətxilxəlx They went to bed because they were tired, they went to sleep (PS)

ʔtʔtxáyaʔ pretend to be sleeping

• nax̌əmɬ kʷ ʔətʔətxáyaʔ, kʷ x̌ʷaq̓ʷəlqsm̓ Play sleep, snore (PS)

ʔučəlxtn̓ Oars, paddles (Cv)

ʔučkl̓ápm̓ run downstairs

• p čʔučkl̓ápm̓, uɬ čm̓ taʔlíʔ p n̓ƛ̓əx̌čin̓ You run downstairs, you’ll be too noisy (PS)

ʔučkl̓ípm̓ run down the hill, downhill

• way̓ qʷásqiʔ txru··tm̓, qilt·, way̓ ʔučkl̓ípm̓ Blue Jay ran up the hill, got to the top, he ran down the hill (PS)
• n̓wisəlxsts iʔ syupsč, ixíʔ sʔučkl̓ípəms iʔ q̓ʷəyq̓ʷáˤy̓ iʔ st̓maˤlt She raised her tail, and the Black Cow ran down the hill (PS)

ʔučl̓ to paddle

ʔučllxtn̓ oar, paddle

ʔučlm̓ paddle

ʔučlxtn̓ paddle

ʔučlxtn̓ ʔučəlxtn̓ oar, paddle (Cv)

ʔučlxtn̓, ʔučəlxtn̓ oar, paddle (Cv)

ʔučɬ oar, paddle (OkB)

ʔučɬtn̓ oar (Cv)

ʔukʷ take somewhere

• sʔakʷɬtm̓níʔm̓səl̓x They were carrying the corpse (PS)
• kn̓ ʔakʷɬq̓y̓mínm̓ I deliver the letter (Cv)
• way̓ kʷuʔ ʔukʷɬtxʷ, way̓ inčá myaɬ kn̓ čʔayx̌ʷt You take it for me, I am too tired (PS)
• n̓ín̓w̓iʔ čkičxstxʷ iʔ skəkʕákaʔ, miʔ ʔukʷɬtxʷ yaʔ ylmixʷm̓ When you bring back the birds, take them to the king / When you bring back the birds, bring them to the king (PS)

ʔúkʷmaʔm̓ leave somebody / bid good bye (Cv)

• kʷisʔúkʷmaʔm̓ I’m leaving you (Cv)

ʔukʷn̓t take something or somebody

• way̓ ixíʔ ʔukʷs iʔ k̓əl̓ čitxʷsəlx He took them to their house (PS)

ʔukʷt crawl (OkB)

ʔúllus be gathered. WITH C2 REDUPLICATION, RESULTIVE / be gathered

ʔúl̓lusn̓t gather up

ʔul̓lw̓sn̓t gather up

ʔúluɬt gather things for somebody

• ʔúluɬtm̓ He gathered them up (Cv)

ʔúlusn̓t gather things

• ʔúlusəs He gathered it (Cv)

ʔum̓ say / pronounce / call

ʔúmlaʔxʷn̓t name a place

• huhúy̓, t̓xʷ ʔúm̓laʔxʷn̓t an̓tm̓xʷúlaʔxʷ, nínwiʔ my̓pnun̓ iʔ skʷists. Okay now name your country, I’ll know its name. (PS)
• ixíʔ ʔúm̓laʔxʷs iʔ sn̓ilíʔtn̓s. Then he named the country where they came from. (PS)
• ʔúmlaʔxʷsəlx tlaʔkín̓ They named from where (they came) (PS)

ʔúm̓laʔxʷn̓t name a place

ʔumn̓t call something / say / name something / pronounce / name (command)

• sčustsəlx q̓ʷəyq̓ʷáˤy̓ st̓maˤlt, uɬ ixíʔ qʷəspíc̓aʔ iʔ ʔumsəlx They call them Black Cows, or Buffalo / They call them Black Cows, or they call them Buffalo (PS)
• uɬ way̓ t anwí mi ʔuməntxʷ iʔ ksk̓ʷanɬqtət You name what we’re going to plant (PS)
• mi ʔuməntxʷ y̓ akssčtáxʷɬq Name what you want to harvest (PS)
• ʔums k̓ʷinx, way̓ ixíʔ x̌aq̓əs He said how much and he paid (PS)

ʔuníxʷəxʷ true

ʔúpaʔ younger sister / cousin (baby talk)

ʔupənkstɬčílkst Fifteen (Cv)

-ʔupnkst stem on which tens are formed. compounds

ʔupn̓kst 10 / ten

ʔupnkst aʔčnkɬlilʔs ten-frame

ʔupnkst piqsxn̓ dime

ʔupn̓kst piqsxn̓ dime / dime

ʔupn̓kst uɬ čil̓kst 15 / 15

ʔupn̓kst uɬ kaʔɬís 13 / 13

ʔupn̓kst uɬ mus 14 / 14

ʔupn̓kst uɬ naqs 11 / 11

ʔupn̓kst uɬ sisp̓l̓k̓ 17 / 17

ʔupn̓kst uɬ t̓aq̓m̓kst 16 / 16

ʔupn̓kst uɬ timɬ 18 / 18

ʔupn̓kst uɬ x̌əx̌n̓ut 19 / 19

ʔupn̓kst uɬ ʔasíl̓ 12 / 12

ʔupn̓kst x̌čəčikst 1000 / 1000

ʔupnkst x̌əčəčikst Ten hundres / Ten hundres. (OkB) (OkB)

ʔupnkst x̌əčəčíkst One thousand (OkB)

ʔupnkstásq̓t ten days (Cv)

ʔupnkstɬ - stem on which numbers 11-19 are formed. compounds

-ʔupnkstɬ- stem on which numbers 21-99 are formed, except for decade numbers. three root compounds

• kaɬl̓ʔupn̓kstɬsísp̓lk̓ thirty-seven (Cv)
• ʔasəlʔúpənkstɬčílkst Twenty five / Twenty-five (Cv)
• ʔaslʔupn̓kstɬʔasíl̓ twenty two (OkB)

ʔupnkstɬasíl̓ Twelve

ʔupnkstɬčílkst fifteen (Cv)

ʔupnkstɬnáqs Eleven

ʔupn̓kstɬsmásq̓t fourteen days

ʔusn̓ ocean. English

• axáʔ k̓l̓ síl̓xʷaʔ iʔ k̓l̓ siwɬkʷ, čaʔkʷ čus iʔ ta nw̓yápixčn̓ 'ʔusn̓', ik̓líʔ kn̓ əɬkičx. To the big water, as they call it in English ‘ocean’, I am going back there. (PS)

ʔután̓ be there / It lay there (Cv)

• ʔután̓ l̓ xƛ̓ut He got on a rock (Cv)

ʔux̌tíl̓t toddler, baby (OkB)

ʔuxʷt frost bitten, frozen / frost bitten, frozen. of humans (Cv)

ʔux̌ʷtíl̓t toddler

ʔux̌ʔux̌tílaʔt Babies / babies. PLURAL (PS)

• xʷuywy̓, čm̓ n̓sp̓íliʔɬmn̓, km̓aʔ ʔux̌ʔux̌tílaʔt ikɬkƛ̓aʔnčúttn̓, kʷaʔ kn̓ sílxʷaʔ kn̓ ylmixʷm̓ Go away, or I’ll club you, it’s not babies who should come after me, why, I am a big chief (PS)

ʔuy̓ oh

ʔuy̓n̓km̓ oink

ʔuʔəx̌tílaʔt Baby. (PS) s

• knəqsl̓tílaʔtsəl̓x. He is their only son. (PS)

ʔuʔx̌tílaʔt baby / infant, baby / baby. DIMINUTIVE

• way̓ t̓əxʷ iwá km̓ sknəqsəltílaʔtət, uɬ qʷən̓čin̓ ʔuʔəx̌tílaʔt He’s the only child we got left, and it’s a pity he’s just a baby (PS)

ʔuʔx̌tílt toddler, baby

ʔuʔx̌ʷtílaʔt infant

ʔuʔx̌ʷtílaʔt sic̓m̓ baby blanket / baby blanket

-ʔx -aʔx inchoative

• čn̓pəpíl̓xaʔx They’re fixing to go in on the rolls, to be enrolled as tribal members
• ksmysxʷtmmíxaʔx He wants more and more (Cv)
• kʷu aksxʷístaʔx You are leaving us (PS)
• kʷu ksənc̓əspúlaʔxʷaʔx We are all going to die (Cv)
• way̓ kn̓ ksənilíʔtnaʔx I’m going to find a place to stay (PS)
• kn̓ kshəháʕ̓ʷmístaʔx I am going to take a break (Cv)
• uɬ way̓ kn̓ ksksqʷílpaʔx And I have got to have something under me (PS)
• ksmay̓n̓čútaʔxəl̓x. They are going to tell about themselves. (PS)
• way̓ ksyaʕ̓míxaʔx They’re gathering (PS)
• p ksk̓ək̓níyaʔx You are going to listen (PS)
• kn̓ ksq̓ʷəymənčútaʔx I am going to the dance (Cv)
• kn̓ ksxʷúyaʔx iʔ k̓l̓ ksyaʕmíxaʔx. I am going to the gathering. (PS)
• p iksčyaʕmíxaʔx I want you all to gather

-ʔx, -aʔx inchoative

• čn̓pəpíl̓xaʔx They’re fixing to go in on the rolls, to be enrolled as tribal members
• ksmysxʷtmmíxaʔx He wants more and more (Cv)
• kʷu aksxʷístaʔx You are leaving us (PS)
• kʷu ksənc̓əspúlaʔxʷaʔx We are all going to die (Cv)
• way̓ kn̓ ksənilíʔtnaʔx I’m going to find a place to stay (PS)
• kn̓ kshəháʕ̓ʷmístaʔx I am going to take a break (Cv)
• uɬ way̓ kn̓ ksksqʷílpaʔx And I have got to have something under me (PS)
• ksmay̓n̓čútaʔxəl̓x. They are going to tell about themselves. (PS)
• way̓ ksyaʕ̓míxaʔx They’re gathering (PS)
• p ksk̓ək̓níyaʔx You are going to listen (PS)
• kn̓ ksq̓ʷəymənčútaʔx I am going to the dance (Cv)
• kn̓ ksxʷúyaʔx iʔ k̓l̓ ksyaʕmíxaʔx. I am going to the gathering. (PS)
• kswáy̓aʔx will end / will end, he’s going to end it / He’s going to end it (Cv)
• p iksčyaʕmíxaʔx I want you all to gather

ʔx̌ilm̓ do like, do as

• way̓ uɬ xiʔmíx anwí akskčəwtíkxtm̓ akɬtx̌ʷíw̓s, uɬ inčá nixʷ ilíʔ kn̓ ʔx̌ilm̓ And whatever you want to do with your share, I will do the same / Do whatever you want with your share, and I will do the same / Whatever you want to do with your share, I too will do the same / Whatever you want to do with your share, I will do the same (PS)
• n̓ín̓w̓iʔ n̓k̓ʷəspintk put ʔx̌ilm̓ atáʔ miʔ kn̓ əɬčkičx Next year about this time I’ll be back (PS)
• nax̌əmɬ kʷ ʔx̌ilm̓ laʔ čxʔítiʔ, lut aksəkɬčáwt If you do like the first time, you won’t have any show (PS)

ʔx̌ilst do the same to somebody

• way̓ ixíʔ nixʷ ʔx̌ilstsəlx, kʷinkssəlx uɬ k̓əɬt̓əmáˤssəlx They did the same thing to him, they shook hands with him and kissed him (PS)
• qiɬts ixíʔ nixʷ ʔx̌ilsts He woke him up too in the same way (PS)
• sčʔkinx ilíʔ iʔ kʷu əɬʔx̌ilstxʷ Why did you do that to me? (Cv)

ʔx̌lasq̓ət Every day (Cv)